Adolescents’ motives for selling sex in a welfare state – A Swedish national study

In addition to money or other compensation, other motives for selling sex may be important in a welfare country such as Sweden. The aim of this study was to carry out an exploratory investigation of adolescents’ motives for selling sex in a population-based survey in Sweden. A total of 5839 adolescents from the third year of Swedish high school, mean age 18.0 years, participated in the study. The response rate was 59.7% and 51 students (0.9%) reported having sold sex. Exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to identify groups of adolescents according to underlying motives for selling sex. Further analyses were carried out for characteristics of selling sex and risk factors. Three groups of adolescents were categorized according to their motives for selling sex: Adolescents reporting; 1) Emotional reasons, being at a greater risk of sexual abuse, using sex as a means of self-injury and having a non-heterosexual orientation. 2) Material but no Emotional reasons, who more often receive money as compensation and selling sex to a person over 25 years of age, and 3) Pleasure or no underlying motive for selling sex reported, who were mostly heterosexual males selling sex to a person under 25 years of age, the buyer was not known from the Internet, the reward was seldom money and this group was less exposed to penetrative sexual abuse or using sex as a means of self-injury. In conclusion, adolescents selling sex are a heterogeneous group in regard to underlying motives.     

大学生隐形肥胖运动处方的实验研究

隐形肥胖在日本已有较多的研究，在我国尚未见报道。笔者认为，我国大学生隐形肥胖的比例低于日本，主要与研究对象的饮食文化有关；隐形肥胖运动处方的制定，应以全身有氧运动控制体重为原则，运用局部动、静力练习减少多余脂肪，增加瘦体重为目标。     

脂肪细胞因子与肥胖及能量代谢的研究进展

脂肪细胞是能量储存细胞,也是活跃的内分泌细胞。现已发现人类脂肪细胞分泌几十种脂肪细胞因子,它们对机体的能量代谢及脂肪积累具有显著的调节功能。重点阐述在机体能量代谢平衡调控中起主要作用的脂肪细胞因子,并通过分析脂肪细胞因子对机体能量代谢的调节作用与肥胖之间的关系,为运动减肥和糖尿病的运动治疗提供了新的研究方向。     

运动减肥机制探析———酰化刺激蛋白的作用及其调节

酰化刺激蛋白是脂肪组织分泌的一种激素，在调节脂肪代谢和能量平衡方面发挥重要作用。它一方面能够提高脂肪细胞捕获脂肪酸和合成甘油三酯的能力；另一方面可以通过抑制激素敏感脂酶的活性来抑制甘油三酯的分解。C3（-/-）（ASP缺乏）鼠所表现出的肥胖抵抗特征对于防肥减肥而言具有诱人的前景。综述了ASP的来源、生物学作用以及缺乏后的生物学特征，并对其在运动减肥机制中可能发挥的作用进行探讨。     

儿童单纯性肥胖的危害及防治措施

近年来儿童单纯性肥胖越来越多,其身心健康问题日趋严重,成为社会广泛关注的儿童健康问题。目前,主要通过行为矫正、合理饮食和适量运动来控制儿童单纯性肥胖。主要从儿童单纯性肥胖的流行现状、诊断方法、对儿童健康的危害及防治措施等方面进行综述。     

运动减肥的机制及运动处方

通过文献资料调研 ,综述了近年来运动减肥机制及运动处方的研究成果     

Correlates of verbally aggressive communication in adolescents

This investigation identifies demographic, media, and social correlates of verbally aggressive communication in adolescence. Mail surveys were completed and returned by 2,300 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15. These adolescents were asked about the prevalence of verbal and physical aggression, the context in which it occurred, demographics, and the interpersonal and media influences in their lives. The results indicate that verbal aggression is widespread, that committing and experiencing verbal aggression is largely reciprocal, that there is a strong relationship between committing verbal and physical aggression, and that peer social influence and listening to violently oriented music are mildly related to verbal aggression in adolescents. These findings suggest more resources should be allocated to teaching adolescents to understand and control verbal aggression. Further, they provide important answers to many prevention and intervention programmatic questions, including context, content, and targeting concerns. Since the negative consequences of verbal aggression are severe and long lasting, decreasing this destructive communication behavior should significantly improve the lives of many adolescents. These and other practical implications are expanded upon and discussed.     

青少年身体自我的研究

通过文献综述法，对身体自我的概念、国外与国内的相关研究及青少年身体自我意义进行了论述与研究。     

改善单纯性肥胖儿童血压血脂水平的运动处方研究

对20名单纯性肥胖儿童进行了血压、血脂(TC：用酶反应试剂药盒测定，TG：乙酰丙酮微量测定法)检测，并对10名儿童进行了8周的耐力训练(训练中未对受试者提出低盐、低脂的饮食要求)。结果表明：8周的耐力训练后，肥胖儿童血清中血脂(TG)含量下降，HDL—C显著上升，血脂代谢紊乱得到缓解，同时血压有明显下降。从众多因素的分析中发现，TG与SBP(r=0．32)、DBP(r=0．22)呈正相关，而ApoAI与SBP(r=-0．19)、DBP(r=-0．20)呈负相关，提示单纯性肥胖儿童的高血压与其血脂代谢紊乱有关。非饮食干预条件下的耐力训练有助于降低肥胖儿童的血压、血脂。     

L-肉碱配合有氧运动对肥胖女性脂肪代谢的影响

目的:探讨L-肉碱对肥胖女性体重、体脂含量、血脂水平、最大吸氧量、呼吸商等脂类代谢方面的影响。方法:16名肥胖女性随机分为对照组与实验组,进行为期12个星期的减脂实验,两组每星期进行5次有氧健身操练习,每次1h,实验组补充左旋肉碱2hg/d,对照组服用安慰剂,观察实验前后有关生理生化指标。结果:12个星期后,实验组与对照组相比,体重、体脂含量、血脂水平、RQ(呼吸商)等均显著下降。结论:L-肉碱能有效提高有氧运动促进肥胖女性脂肪代谢的作用,增强减肥效果。